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""As we go about our daily lives, caste is the wordless usher in a darkened theater, flashlight cast down in the aisles, guiding us to our assigned seats for a performance. The hierarchy of caste is not about feelings or morality. It is about power--which groups have it and which do not." In this brilliant book, Isabel Wilkerson gives us a masterful portrait of an unseen phenomenon in America as she explores, through an immersive, deeply researched narrative and stories about real people, how America today and throughout its history has been shaped by a hidden caste system, a rigid hierarchy of human rankings. Beyond race, class, or other factors, there is a powerful caste system that influences people's lives and behavior and the nation's fate. Linking the caste systems of America, India, and Nazi Germany, Wilkerson explores eight pillars that underlie caste systems across civilizations, including divine will, bloodlines, stigma, and more. Using riveting stories about people--including Martin Luther King, Jr., baseball's Satchel Paige, a single father and his toddler son, Wilkerson herself, and many others--she shows the ways that the insidious undertow of caste is experienced every day. She documents how the Nazis studied the racial systems in America to plan their out-cast of the Jews; she discusses why the cruel logic of caste requires that there be a bottom rung for those in the middle to measure themselves against; she writes about the surprising health costs of caste, in depression and life expectancy, and the effects of this hierarchy on our culture and politics. Finally, she points forward to ways America can move beyond the artificial and destructive separations of human divisions, toward hope in our common humanity. Beautifully written, original, and revealing, Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents is an eye-opening story of people and history, and a reexamination of what lies under the surface of ordinary lives and of America life today"--… (mais)
The three star rating is not so much about Wilkerson's arguments about caste systems. Instead, the rating represents the organization of the book. After a general discussion, Wilkerson makes a case for eight pillars that underlie caste systems. Within each of these chapters the author bounces back and forth between her ideas about an American caste system and the caste system in India. Interspersed throughout are quotes from historians and sociologists to support her assertions. I found all this non-linear bouncing back and forth between countries and different caste systems to be distracting. I think it took away from Wilkerson's message. That is just my perspective and I realize many other readers were fine with the structure of the book. ( )
A disturbing look at the way Caste affects a society, especially the U.S. Isabel Wilkerson gives us a masterful portrait of an unseen phenomenon in America as she explores, through an immersive, deeply researched, and beautifully written narrative and stories about real people , how America today and throughout history has been shaped by a hidden caste system , a rigid hierarchy of huma. Rankings. Beyond race, class, or other factors, there is a powerful caste system that influences people’s lives and behavior and the nation’s fate. Linking the caste system of America, India, and Nazi Germany, Wilkerson explores eight pillars that underlie caste systems across civilizations, including divine will, bloodlines, stigma, and more. She documents how the Nazis studied the racial systems in America to plan their outcasting of Jews; she discusses why the cruel logic of caste requires that there be a bottom rung for those in the middle to measure themselves against; she writes about surprising health costs of caste, in depression, and life expectancy, and the effects of this hierarchy on our culture and politics. ( )
This is a tough read, not because it is difficult, but because the subject matter is so difficut to read about. There is so much to be taken from it, but one thing that has stuck is how there are no statues of Nazis in Germany, but we have (or had) plenty of statues of Confederates. They have monuments to the Jews, but we have had few monuments until very recently to the slaves. ( )
This is an excellent book, a must-read for anyone who wants to really understand what American society is really about.
Highlights for me include: - A lengthy description of the "pillars" of any caste system, and how American society qualifies. - A comparison of the American system with those of India and Nazi Germany. (Was gob-smacked to learn that the Nazis modeled their subjugation of the Jews on America's Jim Crow laws.) - A description of the price America pays because of it's caste system (compared to other "developed" countries, we have relatively high infant mortality, poor scholastic scholastic achievement, shorter life expectancy, huge prison population, etc etc etc). - The author's personal examples of how lower caste people are treated in America. Some are pretty devastating, all made me feel ashamed.
I felt the book had one weakness: there was very little discussion of where Native Americans, Latinx Americans, and Asian Americans fit into the system. This doesn't spoil the book, far from it, but I would have enjoyed the analyses.
Overall, this is a very engaging read, without being pedantic and with no detectable filler. It's an eye-opening challenge to thoughtful White readers, implicitly asking "how can people, who claim to be compassionate and fair-minded freedom lovers, allow such a system to exist?" This book has a permanent place in my shelves, and I will read it again. ( )
Informação do Conhecimento Comum em inglês.Edite para a localizar na sua língua.
Because even if I should speak, no one would believe me, And they would not believe me precisely because they would know that that I said was true. --------James Baldwin
If the majority knew of the root of this evil,
then the road to its cure would not be long.
-------------------Albert Einstein
Dedicatória
Informação do Conhecimento Comum em inglês.Edite para a localizar na sua língua.
To the memory of my parents who survived the caste system and to the memory of Brett who defied it
Primeiras palavras
Informação do Conhecimento Comum em inglês.Edite para a localizar na sua língua.
In the haunted summer of 2016, an unaccustomed heat wave struck the Siberian tundra on the edge of what the ancients once called the End of the Land.
There is a famous black-and-white photograph from the era of the Third Reich. (The Man in the Crowd)
We look to the night sky and see the planets and stars, the distant lights as specks of salt, single grains of sand, and are reminded of how small we are, how insignificant our worries of the moment, how brief our time on this planet, and we wish to be part of something bigger than ourselves, to magnify our significance, to matter somehow as more than the dust that we are. (Epilogue)
In the spring and into the summer of 2022, an unholy heat arose on the surface of the planet and in the hearts of men. (Afterword)
Citações
Informação do Conhecimento Comum em inglês.Edite para a localizar na sua língua.
Hitler had made it to the chancellery in a brokered deal that conservative elites agreed to only because they were convinced they could hold him in check and make use of him for their own political aims. They underestimated his cunning and overestimated his base of support, which had been the very reasson the had felt they needed him in the first place. At the height of their power at the polls, the Nazis never pulled the majority they coveted and drew only 38 percent of the vote in the country's last free and fair elections at the onset of their twelve-year reign. The old guard did not foresee, or chose not to see, that his actual mission was "to exploit the methods of democracy to destroy democracy." (p 82)
Caste is insidious and therefore powerful because it is not hatred, it is not necessarily personal. It is the worn grooves of comforting routines and unthinking expectations, patterns of a social order that have been in place for so long that it looks like the natural order of things.
The human impulse to create hierarchies runs across societies and cultures, predates the idea of race, and thus is farther reaching, deeper, and older than raw racism and the comparatively new division of humans by skin color.
Except that this was and is our country and this was and is who we are, whether we have known or recognized it or not.
The most respected and beneficent of society people oversaw forced labor camps that were politely called plantations, concentrated with hundreds of unprotected prisoners, whose crime was that they were born with dark skin. Good and loving mothers and fathers, pillars of their communities, personally, inflicted, gruesome tortures upon their fellow human beings.
“No matter how grand you become in life, no matter how wealthy you become, how people worship you, or what you do,” NBA star LeBron James told reporters just the year before, “if you are an African-American man, or African-American woman, you will always be that.”
Louisiana culture went to great specificity, not so unlike the Indian laws of Manu, and delineating the various subcastes, based on the estimated percentage of African “blood.” There was griffe (three-fourths black), marabon (five-eighths black), mulatto (one-half), quadroon (one-fourth), octaroon (one-eighth), sextaroon (one-sixteenth), demineamelouc (one thirty-second), and sangmelee (one-sixty-fourth). The latter categories, as twenty-first-century genetic testing has now shown, wood encompass millions of Americans now classified as Caucasian. All of these categories bear witness to a historic American, dominant-caste preoccupation with race and caste purity.
But Ebola, and potentially planet-wide catastrophes like it, as the world would discover beyond imagining six years later, have a way of reminding human beings that we were all indeed, one species, all interwoven, more alike than different, more interdependent on one another then we might otherwise want to believe. Ebola has been merely a whispered for warning of what was to come.
Germany bears witness to an uncomfortable truth—that evil is not one person but can be easily activated in more people that we would like to believe when the right conditions congeal.
Though they may not recognize it on a conscious level, dominant-caste Americans often show nearly as much curiosity about the ethnic, and thus caste, origins of their fellow Americans as do people in India…They will question a person whose race is ambiguous until they are satisfied of an origin.
…white support has intensified for Republicans, now seen as the party of an anxious but powerful dominant-caste electorate.
But the slaveholders, overseers, and others in the dominant caste who inflicted atrocities upon millions of African-Americans over the centuries were not only not punished but were celebrated as pillars of society.
Últimas palavras
Informação do Conhecimento Comum em inglês.Edite para a localizar na sua língua.
A world without caste would set everyone free. (Epilogue)
We in this country have the opportunity to set a standard for how to work together to create a truly egalitarian, multiethnic democracy, a stronger, all-encompassing, reconstituted version of ourselves as a society, and to prove to ourselves and to the world that the divisions we have inherited do not have to be our destiny. (Afterword)
""As we go about our daily lives, caste is the wordless usher in a darkened theater, flashlight cast down in the aisles, guiding us to our assigned seats for a performance. The hierarchy of caste is not about feelings or morality. It is about power--which groups have it and which do not." In this brilliant book, Isabel Wilkerson gives us a masterful portrait of an unseen phenomenon in America as she explores, through an immersive, deeply researched narrative and stories about real people, how America today and throughout its history has been shaped by a hidden caste system, a rigid hierarchy of human rankings. Beyond race, class, or other factors, there is a powerful caste system that influences people's lives and behavior and the nation's fate. Linking the caste systems of America, India, and Nazi Germany, Wilkerson explores eight pillars that underlie caste systems across civilizations, including divine will, bloodlines, stigma, and more. Using riveting stories about people--including Martin Luther King, Jr., baseball's Satchel Paige, a single father and his toddler son, Wilkerson herself, and many others--she shows the ways that the insidious undertow of caste is experienced every day. She documents how the Nazis studied the racial systems in America to plan their out-cast of the Jews; she discusses why the cruel logic of caste requires that there be a bottom rung for those in the middle to measure themselves against; she writes about the surprising health costs of caste, in depression and life expectancy, and the effects of this hierarchy on our culture and politics. Finally, she points forward to ways America can move beyond the artificial and destructive separations of human divisions, toward hope in our common humanity. Beautifully written, original, and revealing, Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents is an eye-opening story of people and history, and a reexamination of what lies under the surface of ordinary lives and of America life today"--
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