John Locke (1) (1632–1704)
Autor(a) de The Second Treatise of Government
Para outros autores com o nome John Locke, ver a página de desambiguação.
About the Author
John Locke's works of political and social philosophy, written in the 17th century, have strongly influenced intellectuals ever since - including the founders of the United States of America. Born in 1632 in Wrington, England, Locke studied at Christ Church, Oxford, where he earned his B.A. and mostrar mais M.A. degrees in the late 1650's. He also studied medicine and earned a medical license. His studies led to an interest in contemporary philosophers influenced by science, such as Rene Descartes. Locke read widely among them while teaching at Christ Church over the next few years. In 1667, Locke became personal physician and adviser to Anthony Ashley Cooper, who later was appointed Earl of Shaftesbury. Through Shaftesbury's patronage, Locke earned some government posts and entered London's intellectual circles, all the while writing philosophy. He was one of the best-known European thinkers of his time when he died in 1704. In An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690), Locke established the philosophy of empiricism, which holds that the mind at birth is a blank tablet. Experience, Locke believed, would engrave itself upon the tablet as one grew. He felt humans should create theories according to experience and test them with experiments. This philosophy helped establish the scientific method. Locke codified the principals of liberalism in "Two Treatises of Government" (1690). He emphasized that the state must preserve its citizens' natural rights to life, liberty and property. When the state does not, Locke argued, citizens are justified in rebelling. His view of liberalism comprised limited government, featuring elected representation and legislative checks and balances. While a Christian, Locke believed in absolute separation of church and state, and he urged toleration of those whose religious views differed from the majorities. (Bowker Author Biography) mostrar menos
Image credit: portrait, 1697, by Sir Gotfrey Kneller
Séries
Obras por John Locke
The Reasonableness of Christianity, and A Discourse of Miracles (Library of Modern Religious Thought) (1958) 210 exemplares
An essay concerning human understanding : abridged and edited, with an introduction and notes (1956) 95 exemplares
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding: Second Treatise of Goverment (Wordsworth Classics of World Literature) (2009) 48 exemplares
TWO TREATISES OF GOVERNMENT WITH A SUPPLEMENT CONTAINING SIR ROBERT FILMER'S P (Hafner Library of Classics) (1884) 40 exemplares
Ensayo sobre el entendimiento humano (compendio) ; Segundo tratado sobre el gobierno ; Escritos sobre la tolerancia (2015) 28 exemplares
The Locke Reader: Selections from the Works of John Locke with a General Introduction and Commentary (1977) 24 exemplares
Philosophische Bibliothek, Bd.75, Versuch über den menschlichen Verstand. Teil 1. Buch 1 und 2. (2000) 16 exemplares
Escritos monetarios (CLASICOS DE LA ECONOMIA) (Clasicos De La Economia / Economy Classics) (1989) 15 exemplares
Philosophische Bibliothek, Bd.76, Versuch über den menschlichen Verstand. Teil 2. Buch 3 und 4 (1988) 12 exemplares
Works of John Locke. Two Treatises of Government, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding & more (Mobi Collected Works) (2008) 11 exemplares
Identité et Différence : L'Invention de la conscience, édition bilingue (anglais-français) (1998) 10 exemplares
Drafts for the Essay concerning human understanding, and other philosophical writings (1990) 9 exemplares
The Essential John Locke Collection An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (Complete) The First & Second Treatises of… (2020) 6 exemplares
Considerações Sobre as Consequências da Redução do Juro (Em Portuguese do Brasil) (2005) 4 exemplares
A Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of St. Paul: Volume I (Clarendon Edition of the Works of John Locke) (1987) 4 exemplares
A collection of several pieces of Mr. John Locke, never before printed, or not extant in his works (2012) 4 exemplares
Muutamia mietteitä kasvatuksesta 4 exemplares
A Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of St. Paul: Volume 2 (Clarendon Edition of the Works of John Locke) (1987) 4 exemplares
The Clarendon Edition of the Works of John Locke: Locke on Money: Volume II: Vol 2 (1991) 4 exemplares
A paraphrase and notes on the Epistles of St. Paul to the Galatians, Corinthians, Romans, ... (2009) 4 exemplares
Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding (An authoritative edition of one of the classic texts in the history of… 3 exemplares
The Great Books Fourth Year Volume Six -- Locke and Hume: essays Concerning Human Understanding 3 exemplares
Scritti filosofici e religiosi 3 exemplares
The Correspondence of John Locke: Volume 6: Letters 2199-2664 (Lockecorrespondseries Cwjlcc C) (1981) 2 exemplares
Locke's essays. An essay concerning human understanding. And A treatise on the conduct of the understanding ...… (2010) 2 exemplares
The Political Writings (Hackett Classics) 2 exemplares
Survival Navigation, Measurement and Mapping: And How to Make the Instruments Required (2003) 2 exemplares
Rozprava o ľudskom rozume 2 exemplares
The Christian Religion 2 exemplares
An essay on tolerance 2 exemplares
The Conduct of Understanding and Bacon's Essays 2 exemplares
The Works of John Locke: Some Thoughts Concerning Education. an Examination of P. Malebranche's Opinion of Seeing… (2010) 1 exemplar
A Letter Concerning Tolerance 1 exemplar
Über den menschlichen Verstand 1 exemplar
Essays - Including: Four Letters on Toleration; Some Thoughts Concerning Education; and The Value of Money. Ward, Lock.… (1880) 1 exemplar
John Locke - Two Treatises of Government 1 exemplar
The Works of John Locke, vol. 4 1 exemplar
The Second Treatise on Goverment 1 exemplar
Works by John Locke: Two Treatises of Government, Some Thoughts Concerning Education, an Essay Concerning Human… (2010) 1 exemplar
A traditional tale Budtharum 1 exemplar
The Works of John Locke, vol. 1 1 exemplar
The Works of John Locke, vol. 2 1 exemplar
The Works of John Locke, vol. 3 1 exemplar
The Works of John Locke, vol. 5 1 exemplar
The Works of John Locke, vol. 6 1 exemplar
The Works of John Locke, vol. 7 1 exemplar
The Works of John Locke, vol. 8 1 exemplar
The Works of John Locke, vol. 9 1 exemplar
The Works of John Locke, vol. 10 1 exemplar
Saggio su l'intelligenza umana 1 exemplar
Two Treatises of Government. A Critical Edition with an introduction and apparatus criticus. 1 exemplar
I classici del pensiero libero [Corriere della sera]: John Locke. Il secondo trattato sul governo 1 exemplar
Carta sobre a Tolerância - eBook 1 exemplar
Essai philosophique concernant l'entendement humain, o ̮l'on montre quelle est l'ťendue de nos… 1 exemplar
Sobre a tolerância (Portuguese Edition) 1 exemplar
Great Books 35 1 exemplar
The life and letters of John Locke : with extracts from his journals and common-place books 1 exemplar
Saggio su l'intelletto umano 1 exemplar
Locke, on Government 1 exemplar
Saggio sulla intelligenza umana. Voll. 2 1 exemplar
Antologia di scritti politici 1 exemplar
Locke's Essay On the Human Understanding, Condensed Under the Superintendence of A.J. Valpy. (Epitome of Engl.… (2010) 1 exemplar
Tankar om uppfostran 1 exemplar
Concerning Toleration 1 exemplar
Essays of John Locke 1 exemplar
The principles of human knowledge 1 exemplar
Books seem to me to be pestilent things 1 exemplar
Scritti editi e inediti sulla tolleranza 1 exemplar
John Locke: pagine scelte 1 exemplar
Letters to Bishop of Worcester & Memoirs Relating To The Life Of Anthony First Earl of Shaftesbury (2012) 1 exemplar
The works of John Locke. Vol. VIII. 1 exemplar
The works of John Locke. Vol. VII. 1 exemplar
The works of John Locke. Vol. IX. 1 exemplar
The works of John Locke. Vol. IV. 1 exemplar
The works of John Locke. Vol. III. 1 exemplar
The works of John Locke. Vol. II. 1 exemplar
The works of John Locke. Vol. I. 1 exemplar
Locke's Essays in three volumes. 1 exemplar
Change and Tradition: Revolutionary Europe and Colonial Nigeria (Change and Tradition Program, Butle (2005) 1 exemplar
Elements of natural philosophy. By John Locke, Esquire. To which are added, some thoughts concerning reading and study… (2010) 1 exemplar
על הממשל המדיני 1 exemplar
Associated Works
The Empiricists : Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (Abridged) ; Berkeley, Principles of Human Knowledge,… (1961) 443 exemplares
Social and Political Philosophy: Readings From Plato to Gandhi (1963) — Contribuidor — 247 exemplares
English Philosophers of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: Locke; Berkeley; Hume (1909) — Contribuidor — 211 exemplares
Reading Philosophy: Selected Texts with a Method for Beginners (2002) — Contribuidor — 57 exemplares
The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 4th Edition, Volume 1 (1974) — Contribuidor — 20 exemplares
Reading Philosophy of Language: Selected Texts with Interactive Commentary (Reading Philosophy) (2005) — Contribuidor — 8 exemplares
Etiquetado
Conhecimento Comum
- Nome canónico
- Locke, John
- Data de nascimento
- 1632-08-29
- Data de falecimento
- 1704-10-28
- Localização do túmulo
- High Laver, England
- Sexo
- male
- Nacionalidade
- England
- País (no mapa)
- UK
- Local de nascimento
- Wrington, England
- Local de falecimento
- High Laver, England
- Locais de residência
- Belluton, England
London, England
Oxford, England
Netherlands
France - Educação
- University of Oxford (Christ Church ∙ BA ∙ 1656)
University of Oxford (Christ Church ∙ MA ∙ 1658)
University of Oxford (MBBS ∙ 1675) - Ocupações
- Physician to the Earl of Shaftesbury
Philosopher
Lecturer, Oxford University
Commissioner of Appeals, England
Secretary, English Board of Trade and Plantations - Organizações
- Oxford University
English Board of Trade and Plantations - Prémios e menções honrosas
- Fellow, Royal Society (1668)
Membros
Críticas
Listas
Sonlight Books (1)
My List (1)
Prémios
You May Also Like
Associated Authors
Estatísticas
- Obras
- 229
- Also by
- 23
- Membros
- 12,914
- Popularidade
- #1,810
- Avaliação
- 3.7
- Críticas
- 95
- ISBN
- 831
- Línguas
- 23
- Marcado como favorito
- 17
Em 1686, este conceito filosófico de tolerância, assume um corpo bem sólido, na tentativa de resolver um conflito geral sobre: diferenças sociais, culturais, civilizacionais, étnicas ou religiosas, enfim entre os limites das identidades e fronteiras individuais ou colectivas.
Foram estas suas ideias que conduziram o Parlamento de Londres a aprovar o Acto da Tolerância, de 1689, autorizando a liberdade de culto aos não-conformistas, mesmo que com uma série de reparos ou objecções, ainda assim esse conceito de tolerância abriu o caminho para a «maravilha política» do século XVIII, que foi a instauração do Estado Secular e o direito à Liberdade Religiosa, primeiro nos Estados Unidos da América, pela constituição de 1787, e logo de seguida em França através da Constituição de 1791. Três séculos depois, a questão essencial da tolerância continua «estranhamente» bem viva, permitindo-nos a pergunta básica: como conviver com a diferença, neste mundo cada vez mais marcado por conflitos de vária ordem?
A resposta reflexiva é-nos dada pelo ilustre John Locke:
«Liberdade absoluta, liberdade justa e verdadeira, liberdade equitativa e imparcial é aquilo de que estamos necessitados. Todavia, apesar de sobre isto muito se ter falado, duvido que tal tenha sido bem compreendido; tenho a certeza que não é de forma alguma praticado, quer pelos nossos governantes em relação ao povo em geral, quer por qualquer das partes do povo em conflito umas com as outras.»… (mais)