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2eromsted
Some older possibilities are Angie Debo's And Still the Waters Run: The Betrayal of the Five Civilized Tribes and Muriel H. Wright's A Guide to the Indian Tribes of Oklahoma. The latter is more a reference than a narrative, but it does contain histories of the many different Native American nations in Oklahoma.
Seems there must be a more recent survey, though I couldn't find one in a few minutes of searching. But I did run into the following: The color of the land: race, nation, and the politics of landownership in Oklahoma, 1832-1929 by David A. Chang (2010). No idea if it's any good.
Seems there must be a more recent survey, though I couldn't find one in a few minutes of searching. But I did run into the following: The color of the land: race, nation, and the politics of landownership in Oklahoma, 1832-1929 by David A. Chang (2010). No idea if it's any good.
3walbat
I, too, am unaware of a single, comprehensive narrative history of Native Americans in my native Oklahoma. If such a book exists, I would like to read it.
Growing up there in the 1950s and 1960s, standard histories of the state rarely mentioned Indians, apart from celebrating military victories over the Plains tribes in the west (Custer's 1868 massacre of Cheyennes and Arapahoes on the Washita River in present-day Roger Mills County stands out) and the apparent assimilation of white culture by the "Five Civilized Tribes" (Cherokees, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Creeks, Seminoles) in the east.
Today, the literature on Native American history in the state is enormous and fascinating. If you are interested in the monographic literature, here are some of my favorites.
Two classics, originally published in the 1930s and still in print, are Grant Foreman's The Five Civilized Tribes and Indian Removal, which together tell the story of how those groups were forcibly removed to Indian Territory in the 1830s and what they did once they got there. There are many good studies of the five tribes and the communities they built in Oklahoma; one example is William McLoughlin's After the Trail of Tears: The Cherokees' Struggle for Sovereignty. The legal means used to dispossess the five tribes (and others) of their lands, first in the Southeast and later in Indian Territory, is examined in Stuart Banner's How the Indians Lost Their Land: Law and Power on the Frontier and William Hagan's Taking Indian Lands: The Cherokee (Jerome) Commission.
The western tribes, of course, never heard of "Oklahoma" in their 18th and 19th century heyday; the western half of the state then was simply part of the larger Great Plains economic system, based on horses and the buffalo, that stretched from Texas to the Dakotas. Two excellent examinations of the southwestern plains culture are Pekka Hamalainen's The Comanche Empire (recommended earlier on another thread) and Gary Anderson's The Indian Southwest: Ethnogenesis and Reinvention, 1580-1830, which also discuss the original Caddoan-speaking inhabitants of the Red River Valley. Paul Carlson's The Plains Indians provides a more standard treatment of the subject. Donald Berthrong's 7822538::The Cheyenne and Arapaho Ordeal: Reservation and Agency Life in the Indian Territory describes the fate of some of these tribes after "pacification" was accomplished.
Finally, the interaction of white, black and red (Kiowa) settlers in Oklahoma Territory before and after the 1889 land rush is the subject of Bonnie Lynn-Sherow's excellent Red Earth: Race and Agriculture in Oklahoma Territory.
Growing up there in the 1950s and 1960s, standard histories of the state rarely mentioned Indians, apart from celebrating military victories over the Plains tribes in the west (Custer's 1868 massacre of Cheyennes and Arapahoes on the Washita River in present-day Roger Mills County stands out) and the apparent assimilation of white culture by the "Five Civilized Tribes" (Cherokees, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Creeks, Seminoles) in the east.
Today, the literature on Native American history in the state is enormous and fascinating. If you are interested in the monographic literature, here are some of my favorites.
Two classics, originally published in the 1930s and still in print, are Grant Foreman's The Five Civilized Tribes and Indian Removal, which together tell the story of how those groups were forcibly removed to Indian Territory in the 1830s and what they did once they got there. There are many good studies of the five tribes and the communities they built in Oklahoma; one example is William McLoughlin's After the Trail of Tears: The Cherokees' Struggle for Sovereignty. The legal means used to dispossess the five tribes (and others) of their lands, first in the Southeast and later in Indian Territory, is examined in Stuart Banner's How the Indians Lost Their Land: Law and Power on the Frontier and William Hagan's Taking Indian Lands: The Cherokee (Jerome) Commission.
The western tribes, of course, never heard of "Oklahoma" in their 18th and 19th century heyday; the western half of the state then was simply part of the larger Great Plains economic system, based on horses and the buffalo, that stretched from Texas to the Dakotas. Two excellent examinations of the southwestern plains culture are Pekka Hamalainen's The Comanche Empire (recommended earlier on another thread) and Gary Anderson's The Indian Southwest: Ethnogenesis and Reinvention, 1580-1830, which also discuss the original Caddoan-speaking inhabitants of the Red River Valley. Paul Carlson's The Plains Indians provides a more standard treatment of the subject. Donald Berthrong's 7822538::The Cheyenne and Arapaho Ordeal: Reservation and Agency Life in the Indian Territory describes the fate of some of these tribes after "pacification" was accomplished.
Finally, the interaction of white, black and red (Kiowa) settlers in Oklahoma Territory before and after the 1889 land rush is the subject of Bonnie Lynn-Sherow's excellent Red Earth: Race and Agriculture in Oklahoma Territory.
4Muscogulus
At this moment I’m reading a book that devotes a fair amount of attention to Oklahoma Indians, although the book as a whole ranges across the continent and from 1607 to 2007. It’s Rich Indians: Native People and the Problem of Wealth in American History.
The first three chapters are surveys of colonial and early U.S. history, with a specific focus on rich Indians and the trouble they caused (and still cause) for the fixed idea of Indians as doomed to poverty and fecklessness. Alexandra Harmon contributes a good deal of new research on the Osage oil boom of the 1920s. The spectacle of hundreds of rich Indians spending like movie stars was too much for the press, politicians, and social reformers; Congress forced most Osage oil revenues into a trust administered by the Office of Indian Affairs.
Harmon suggests that many well-meaning Americans intervened in the Osage situation because of their anxieties about the general direction of Jazz Age society and the economy. They couldn’t see a way to fix the big picture, but they could intervene and “save” the Indians.
I’m reading Rich Indians along with another great, path-clearing book on Indians as economic beings: Indian Work: Language and Livelihood in Native American History. It invites us to get to work demolishing certain historical myths that have played a major role in colonizing the original inhabitants of North America.
Both these books make explicit a dilemma faced by Indians trying to escape the margins of our economy: If you’re a real Indian, you can’t attain wealth or success, and if you attain wealth or success, you’re not a real Indian.
The first three chapters are surveys of colonial and early U.S. history, with a specific focus on rich Indians and the trouble they caused (and still cause) for the fixed idea of Indians as doomed to poverty and fecklessness. Alexandra Harmon contributes a good deal of new research on the Osage oil boom of the 1920s. The spectacle of hundreds of rich Indians spending like movie stars was too much for the press, politicians, and social reformers; Congress forced most Osage oil revenues into a trust administered by the Office of Indian Affairs.
Harmon suggests that many well-meaning Americans intervened in the Osage situation because of their anxieties about the general direction of Jazz Age society and the economy. They couldn’t see a way to fix the big picture, but they could intervene and “save” the Indians.
I’m reading Rich Indians along with another great, path-clearing book on Indians as economic beings: Indian Work: Language and Livelihood in Native American History. It invites us to get to work demolishing certain historical myths that have played a major role in colonizing the original inhabitants of North America.
Both these books make explicit a dilemma faced by Indians trying to escape the margins of our economy: If you’re a real Indian, you can’t attain wealth or success, and if you attain wealth or success, you’re not a real Indian.
