The worst defence of marx ( )

Best for:
People who are already VERY familiar with Marx’s work and are looking for an outside opinion on how to defend different aspects of it.

In a nutshell:
Author Eagleton looks at what he believes are common arguments uses against Marxism and refutes them.

Worth quoting:
“Only through others can we come into our own.”

Why I chose it:
I thought it would be an interesting and easier to read way to learn more about Marx’s thoughts and writing. (Spoiler alert: it wasn’t, at least not for me.)

What it left me feeling:
Skeptical

Review:
I might have been led slightly astray by the pull quotes from reviews on the cover of the copy I purchased. ‘Irresistibly Lively and Thought-Provoking.’ ‘Short, Witty, and Highly Accessible.’ I think this is probably true (except the short part - a 250 page book is not short. It’s not long, but it’s not short), but the caveat should be on there somewhere that those only apply to readers who are already very well acquainted with the writing, theory, and discussion of Marx and Marxism. This is not a book where one LEARNS about Marxism. This is a book where one thinks more about it in relation to other areas of thought.

It is an easy read, in that the author is a decent writer. However, after reading the first half of the book very carefully, I ended up just skimming the latter half because I knew what was coming, and I knew it wasn’t going to be what I was looking for. Each chapter starts with what I think is a flaw in the set-up of the book: instead of pulling real quotes at the start to highlight the arguments opposing Marxism that he’s about to refute, he just has a sort of paragraph where he paraphrases the complaints. I think I get why he made that choice, but it doesn’t work nearly as well as real-world examples. It leaves Eagleton too open to complaints of strawmen.

In the chapters I read closely, a lot of Eagleton’s arguments seemed to boil down to this: Capitalists might make a claim about Marxism, but even if the claim is true, it’s also probably true of Capitalism. Or, because Marx (notoriously) doesn’t really talk about the details of what his version of society would look like, it’s easy to impose outside opinions on it in a negative way, and that’s not fair.

But here’s the thing - these arguments all sounds fine to me, but I don’t know enough about Marx to know if Eagleton’s commentary is accurate. Now, this is going to be an issue with pretty much all non-fiction books, right? We rely on the author to be something of an expert in their field, to have thought through and researched. When I read a Mary Roach book, I don’t just accept everything at face value, but generally I assume that her interpretation of the facts is generally accurate.

But with things like political philosophy, for me it gets much murkier. What values is the author bringing into the discussion? Are they the same as my values? What have they chosen to leave out that would change the entire discussion? Without some of my own first-hand reading of the text, this type of book isn’t really going to work. When I was in grad school for philosophy, yes, I definitely needed to read articles by contemporary writers that discussed Aristotle, but I also needed to read Aristotle myself, so I could come into the discussions with some first-hand understanding. And I think that in the same way, before I (or others) read works like this, we need to read the original arguments first.

Now, is that the author’s fault? Probably not, and that’s why this is a three star and not a two star rating for me.

Recommend to a Friend / Keep / Donate it / Toss it:
Keep and maybe revisit later ( )

Not terribly convincing. Eagleton is a good enough writer, I bet he’s better with other subjects. One major problem is that it’s unclear if he’s defending Marx or Marxism, and either way the subject matter is so wide and such a hodgepodge that it’s not at all clear to me that there’s a single underlying essence that can be defined and then defended. So he hops all around tons of different topics, lists what he says the critics say, and then defends. At least it was fairly short... ( )

Terry Eagleton responde às críticas mais comuns sobre marx e o marxismo (vivemos num mundo sem classes, a prática do marxismo leva ao terror, marx prega determinismo onde não há liberdade, um mundo melhor é uma utopia, marxismo reduz tudo à economia, marx é um materialista sem nenhum contato com a espiritualidade, obsecado pela ideia da luta de classes, marxistas são vândalos, estatistas centralizadores, marxismo foi superado pelo pós-modernismo) com bons argumentos e de maneira didática e introdutória. Acredito que seja um livro introdutório, uma vez que a maioria das críticas tem um componente tosco e soam acusações feitas de má fé por detratores. Felizmente, as respostas são mais inteligentes e interessantes (e quando há algo de verdade em possíveis críticas isso é apontado e admitido); mas não acho que o tipo de pessoa que insiste em críticas gerais fantasiosas ao marxismo vá de fato ler o livro. Ultimamente, não parece inclusive que esse tipo de pessoa possa ser convencida por argumentos racionais quanto ao caráter falacioso das acusações. Agora, o que emerge é uma visão positiva e simpática de marx e o marxismo, com ressalvas e desvios para preparar o terreno para aproveitarmos o que o autor acredita haver de melhor nessas ideias, o que podemos, como leigos ou ativistas, extrair de positivo, especialmente em vista do caráter desanimado e pessimista dos opositores, quanto a ideia de fazer um mundo melhor. O ponto sobre o identitarismo e lutas minoritárias é uma excessão à certa previsibilidade do livro, eu acho; a ideia, que agora parece óbvia, de que entre os comunistas e ativistas comparativamente houve preocupações maiores de gênero e quanto a lutas minoritárias, é algo que passa batido em duelos retóricos por aqui e ali. ( )

ummm...not sure what's going on here with the goodreads algorithms, but I very much approve!

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