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Tamta's World: The Life and Encounters of a Medieval Noblewoman from the Middle East to Mongolia

por Antony Eastmond

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This book tells the compelling story of a Christian noblewoman named Tamta in the thirteenth century. Born to an Armenian family at the court of queen Tamar of Georgia, she was ransomed in marriage to nephews of Saladin after her father was captured during a siege. She was later raped and then married by the Khwarazmshah and held hostage by the Mongols, before being made an independent ruler under them in eastern Anatolia. Her tale stretches from the Mediterranean to Mongolia and reveals the extraordinary connections across continents and cultures that one woman could experience. Without a voice of her own, surviving monuments - monasteries and mosques, caravanserais and palaces - build up a picture of Tamta's world and the roles women played in it. The book explores how women's identities changed between different courts, with shifting languages, religions and cultures, and between their roles as daughters, wives, mothers and widows.… (mais)
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Writing the biography of any medieval woman is an exercise in steely determination, given the nature of the surviving source base—even the most elite woman can leave a surprisingly sparse trail in the archives. This is doubly the case when it comes to a figure like Tamta Mqargrdzeli, whose career must be pieced together from written sources in half a dozen different languages and from archaeological remains in a part of the world that is still fraught with difficulties for outside scholars. Antony Eastmond must be applauded for teasing out as much as he can about Tamta and her life: she was born into a powerful ethnically Armenian family at the end of the twelfth century, was married multiple times, was for a time a hostage of the Mongols, and for much of her life was the ruler of what is today the provincial town of Ahlat in eastern Turkey. Not much more than that can be said about her with any certainty.

In the absence of much source material about her, Eastmond opts instead to use Tamta's career as a lens through which to explore the dynamic and multicultural world in which she lived. His analysis of the architectural and art historical evidence is the most interesting, though I don't know enough about the area to know how convincing it would be to an expert in the field.

However, there are times that Eastmond drifts perhaps a little too far afield from his topic: Tamta and the specific context of her life. Too, he writes explicitly in the hopes of reaching those with an interest in medieval women's history who aren't experts in western Asian history, but I have to confess that at times I found the torrent of dynasties, rulers, and relatives hard to follow—some family trees to accompany the lavish illustrations would have been very welcome. As someone who does work on medieval women's history, moreover, I would have liked to see more evidence of real engagement on Eastmond's part with the burgeoning body of work about women and power in the Middle Ages that's developed over the past several decades. He tends to position Tamta as both passive and exceptional, when the historiography would suggest we see her as anything but. ( )
  siriaeve | Sep 13, 2021 |
What was Tamta's World and who was Tamta Mqargrdzeli? Antony Eastmond seeks to answer these questions in this recent work, which explores the life and changing circumstances experienced by this medieval noblewoman living in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. The scope of her life, while largely undocumented, is impressive: originally hailing from the Armenian-Georgian borderlands, she found herself balancing gender and identity, power and position in and around the courts of Georgia, the Ayyubids, the Khwarazm, and the Mongols. Beautifully illustrated and broad in its geographic scope, Eastmond's work is not exclusively about Tamta, per se, but instead provides an important cultural and historical perspective on the politics and movement between and among Middle Eastern and Central Asian kingdoms and empires in the 13th century.
 
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This book tells the compelling story of a Christian noblewoman named Tamta in the thirteenth century. Born to an Armenian family at the court of queen Tamar of Georgia, she was ransomed in marriage to nephews of Saladin after her father was captured during a siege. She was later raped and then married by the Khwarazmshah and held hostage by the Mongols, before being made an independent ruler under them in eastern Anatolia. Her tale stretches from the Mediterranean to Mongolia and reveals the extraordinary connections across continents and cultures that one woman could experience. Without a voice of her own, surviving monuments - monasteries and mosques, caravanserais and palaces - build up a picture of Tamta's world and the roles women played in it. The book explores how women's identities changed between different courts, with shifting languages, religions and cultures, and between their roles as daughters, wives, mothers and widows.

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