Flinders PetrieCríticas

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This is an online book from archive.org. Flinders Petrie is perhaps the greatest Egyptologist who ever lived, not in terms of the richness of tombs he discovered but because he spent so much of his life digging in Egypt. This book is a short summary of his digs in the field from 1881-1891. Yes, he was an intemperate, opinionated, short tempered individual who provided rough accommodations for himself, and his workers when in the field and his opinions of his workers mirror those of Europeans had of Egyptians but he is called “the father of archaeology” for good reason; he created the systematic methodology used by archaeologists today.

dnf @ 10% put this one down when i saw that the author subscribed to the idea that humans are divided into "aryan" and "semitic." i get it, the book was written in the early 1900s, but it still doesn't settle well with me.

William Flinders Petrie is, of course, one of the great names of Egyptology, but like many other great scientists of the past a lot of his work has been superseded. This book an scarabs and cylinder seals is a case in point; when originally published (1917) it was probably sate of the art but now the illustrations are small and difficult to make out and the transliterations don’t use the modern standards (“măot” for “ma’at”, for example).
One thing I had never realized, though; is that there are several genera of scarab beetles in Egypt, and the Egyptian workmanship exact enough that they can be told apart: Scarabaeus, Catharsius, Copris, Gymnopleurus, and Hypselogenia. At first I thought it might be possible to see evolutionary changes in the beetles – scarabs were popular for about 2500 years of Egyptian history – but it’s likely that changes in artistic style would wash that out. However, it might be possible to extract biogeographic information; are all these beetles still known from Egypt? I don’t know; entomologists and Egyptologists are welcome to run with it.

Indeholder "Foreword", "Notes", "Abbreviations", "Classes and Families of Arrangement", "A. Hero and Lions, Ishtar", " B. Elamite, Egyptian", " D. Gilgamesh", " F. Persia to Italy", " H. Hero and bulls, ostriches", " J. Italian", " K. Heads", " N. Ishtar", " P. Earth goddess, Cybele", " R. Astarte and lions", " S. Astarte and animals", " U. Goddess and wolves", " V. Goddess and swans", "B. Sphinxes and Animals", " A. Sphinxes and pillar", " C. Animals and pillar or plant", " F. Animals and tree", " G. Pair of sphinxes", " J. Pair of lions", " K. Pair of monsters", " M. Dugong", " N. Sloth head", " O. Stags, cats", " P. Serpents entwined, insec", " Q. Pair of swans", " T. Vase and animals", " V. Vase and plant", " W. Vase and birds", "C. Triskele, dragons, nautilus", " B,C. Triskele", " D. Three legs", " F. Dragon heads", " H. Chinese dragon", " J. Pair of dolphins", " N. Nautilus", " O. Nautilus shell", " P. Loligo, etc.", " R. Octopus, 8 arms", " S. Octopus, 6 arms", " T. Octopus, 4 arms", " U. Octopus, ?", "D. Natural plants", " A. Crocus", " C. Pink", " E.", " F. Vetch", " G. Star anemone", " H.", " J. Lily of the valley", " K.", " L. Olive", " M.", " N. Natural plants. Lotus", " N. Palm", " O. Various", " P. Lotus, natural", " Q. Lotus, grouped", " R. Lotus, Assyrian", " S. Lotus, Italian", " T. Lotus, Greek", " U. Lotus, Greek formal", " W. Lotus, Roman", " X. Lotus, artificial", " Y. Lotus, borders", " Z. Lotus, petals", "E. Lily", " A. Natural", " C. Formal", " D. Egyptian", " G. Egyptian formal", " H. Oriental", " J. Flower group", " K. Arborescent", " M. Bowl form, Assyrian", " N. Palmetto, Assyrian", " P. Palmetto, Cretan, etc.", " Q. Palmetto, Italian", " S. Bowl, Italian", " T. Fan, Italian", " Y. Persian, Indian, Byzantine", "F. Palmetto and Formal", " A. Egypt, Assyria", " B. Compound, as capital", " C. Repeated border", " D. Acanthus", " E. Acanthus border", " F. Acanthus debased", " G. Fleur-de-lis", " H. Formal flowers", " J. Formal borders", " K. Radiate flower", " L. Stem flower", " M. Geometric flower", " N. Vine border", " O. Ivy, natural", " P. Ivy, large leaves", " Q. Ivy, running", " R. Ivy, leaf, formal .", " S. Ivy, Oriental", " T. Foliage, Egyptian, etc.", " U. Foliage, Oriental", " V. Foliage, central", "G. Arabesque.", " B. Greek and Roman", " C. China", " D. Borders", " E. Wine borders", " F. Wine borders, Roman, Italian", " G. Wine borders, Northern", " J. Geometric groups", " K. Compartment", " L. Trees, early and northern", " M. Trees, Greek, Italian", " N. Borders, Italian", " O. Borders, Northern", " P. Borders, Late", " Q. Borders, Northern", " S. Borders, Formal", " T. Borders, Formal", " U. Borders, running", " V. Borders, leaf, formal", " W. Borders, Chinese, etc.", " X. Plants, formal", " Y. Plants, formal", " Z. Plants, formal", "H. Rosettes.", " A. Triple", " B. 4 petals, early", " C. 4 petals, as flowers", " D. 4 petals", " E. 5 petals", " F. 6 petals", " G. 6 petals", " H. 7 petals", " J. 8 petals", " K. 8 petals", " L. 9, 11 petals", " M. 12, 13 petals", " N. 14, 15 petals", " O. 16, 17, 22, 24, 32 petals", "J. Hills, Sun, Moon", " B. Hills, with plants", " D. Hills", " G. Sun, Moon", "K. Radiate", " B. Triple", " C. 4 rays", " D. 6 rays", " E. 7 rays", " F,G. 8 rays", " H. 9 rays", " J. 10 rays", " K. 11 rays", " L. 12 rays", " M. 13 rays", " N. 14 rays", " Q,R. 16 rays", " S. Fringed", " T,U. Clubbed", " V,W. Circle of spots", " X. Ball and spots", " Y. Rings of spots", " Z. Spotted borders", "L. Spirals.", " A. Whorl, early", " B. S form", " C. S joined", " D. S spiral and flowers", " E. Winding bands", " F. Border of running S", " G. Paired S", " H. Triple whorls", " J. 4 whorls, 5, 7, 3", " K. Paired whorls", " L. Triple areas", " M. C spirals", " N. Spiral areas", " O. Spurred spirals, Malta", " P. Tagged spirals", " Q. Loose spirals", " R. Ribbed grounds", " S. C groups", " T. S groups", " U. Trumpet ends", " V. Bulbous ends", " W. Inflated forms .", " X. Late Trumpet ends", " Y. Blobs", " Z. Junction circles", "M. Twists.", " A. Single line .", " B. Continuous line", " D. Double line", " E. Double link", " F. Double twist", " G. Triple twist", " H. 4 twist, 6 twist", " J. Twisted circles", " K. Twisted circles, foliated", " L. Twisted circles, late", " N. Angular plait", " N. Angular plait, Lombard", " O. Angular circled plait", " P,Q. Dragon plait", " R. Chain", " U. Wire plait", "N. Pentagons", " A,B. Pentagon", " F. Feather surface", " S. Scales", "O. Divided circles", " B. Parallel cross filling", " C. Parallel cross, later -", " D. Triangle hatched, cross lines", " E. Inner circles", " F. Spotted circles", " G. Late divisions", " H. Two inner circles", " J. Three inner circles", " K. Four arcs", " L. Five arcs", " M. Six arcs, early", " N. Six arcs, late", " O. Seven, eight, and ten", "P. Skirls, earliest", " Q. Skirls, early", " R. Skirls, XVIII Egypt", " S. Skirls, XVIII Greece", " T. Skirls, wheel", " U. Skirls, XXVI", " V. Skirls, hooked", " W. Skirls, multiple", " X. Skirls, northern", " Y. Skirls, Italian", " Z. Skirls, Irish, etc.", "Q. Shields", " C,D. Daci, foliage", " E. Daci, lunar", " F,G. Torques of rank", " H. Marcomanni", " K. Quadi, etc.", " L,M. Galli", " P. Hour-glass form", " R. Roman, etc.", " T. Greek, Roman, disc", " V. Galli, disc", " X. Scythian", " Y. Scythian, formal", " Z. Scottish (see LXXXVII)", "R. Band of balls", " N. 2500 to 600 B.C.", " O. 600 to 1 B.C.", " P. A.D. 1 to 500", " Q. Northern to 700", " R. A.D. 700 to 900", " S. A.D. 900 to 1100 - Architectural beginnings", " X. Early arch", " Y. Spiral pillar", "S. Cross", " A. 3000 B.C.", " B. 2000 B.C.", " C. Early Cretan", " D. Decorated Cretan", " E. Radiated", " F. Square block, Cretan", " G. Woven", " H. Simple cross, Greek", " J. Cross and circle, Cretan", " K. Cross with terminals, Assyrian", " L. Maltese cross, etc.", " M. Northern, decorated", " N. Northern, from pagan types", " O. Decorative cross", " P. A.D. 500-800", " Q. A.D. 800-1200", " R. Chi-Rho monogram", " S. Radiate forms", " T. Cross to A.D. 450", " U. Cross to A.D. 540", " V. Cross to A.D. 740", " W. Cross, A.D. 800-915", " X. Decorated cross", " Y. Frankish", " Z. Second cross-bar", "T. Triangle and Rhomb", " A. Hatched", " F. Zig-zag", " G. Reciprocal", " H. Internal", " J. Parallel", " K. Long", " L. Divided", " N. Fretted bands", " O. Fretted, various", " P. Solid ", " Q. Vertical hatch, etc.", " R. Stepped, half rhomb", " S. With disc", " T,U. Rhomb parallel lines", " V. Diagonal", " W. Vertical, early", " X. Parallel, spotted", " Y. Wide", " Z. Subdivided", "U. Wavy and Zig-zag", " A. Wavy", " D. Winding", " E. High waves", " F. In and out", " G. Squared", " H. Barbaric", " I. Late", " K. Weave, early", " L. Square plait", " N. Network", " O. Wrapped", " P. Matting", " Q. Festoons", " R. Hangings", " S. Glastonbury", " T,U. Zig-zag", " V. Multiple", " W. With filling", " X. With spots", " Y. On cylinders", " Z. Borders", "V. Swastika (West-East).", " A,B. Positive", " E,F,G. Negative", " J,K,L. 1 bend", " R. 2 bends", " T. 3 bends", " U, V. 5 bends", " W,X,Z. Curved", "W. Grooves, Steps, Geometrical", " A. Straight grooves", " B. Curved grooves", " G. Steps (west)", " H. Steps (east)", " J. Steps gold and garnet", " K. Steps gold and garnet", " R,S,T. Pavements, 1:1 angles", " U. Pavements, 1:1 angles", " W. Pavements, 1:1.6, 1:2, 1:3, 1:3.8, 1:2.3, 1:2.5", " Z. Pavements, hexagonal", "X. Key Pattern", " A. T shape", " C. Reverse bends", " D. Reciprocal forms", " E. Maze", " F. Cross forms", " G. Crenellate", " K. Hollow T", " L. Simple bend", " M. Double bend", " N. Double bend, hollow", " D. Diagonal", " D. Double series", " T. Complex", " U. Swastika", " V. With squares", " W. Ornamented", " X. With squares", " Y. Diagonal areas", " Z. Diagonal bands", "Y. Divided Squares", " A. Simple block", " B. Complex block", " D, E. Systems of squares", " F. Ornate squares", " G. With parallel lines", " H. Diagonal squares", " J. Included squares", " L. Fret squares", " M. Decorated squares", " N. Cross squares", " O. Divided diagonally", " P. Divided parallel", " Q. Diagonal sections", " R. Diagonal pattern", " S. Quarters alternate", " T. Quarters cruciform", " U. Cruciform", " V. Decorated", " W. Subdivided", " X. Celtic, curved lines", " Y,Z. Celtic, line and spot", "Z. Linear Designs", " A. Metopic", " E. Metopic diagonals", " J. Toggle lines", " K. Toggle bars", " P. Square turns", " V. Key patterns", " W. Parallel squares", " X. Fret lines", " Y. L groups", " Z. Cross lines", " Emblems", " Hittite", " Keftiu", " Unknown", " Unclassed.", " Waves", " Blobs, Persian", " Chinese", " Scottish shields", " Odds".

Over 3000 mønstre med referencer til hvor de først er set. Som forfatteren skriver, så er det jo en umulig opgave at få det gjort på nogen måde komplet, så hans håb er at andre vil fortsætte arbejdet.

The autobiography of one of the worlds great archaeologists.

This book is Petrie's archaeological memoir of his work at a half-dozen major Egyptian sites in the late 19th century. It's somewhere between a site report and a popular history; he throws in a couple of anecdotes (which will be familiar to readers of Elizabeth Peters' Amelia Peabody series), but it focusses almost exclusively on the work of excavation and the objects that were found.

I'd say it's not for the casual reader; Petrie's writing is clear but not particularly enjoyable. He assumes his reader has some familiarity with Egyptology, and a map of the sites he discusses would have been a great help. It is, however, illustrated on almost every page with line drawings of the buildings and artifacts under discussion.

The book ends with a few general chapters on the implications of his findings, the art of scientific excavation (of which he was the first and greatest pioneer), and, heaven help us, "The Fellah", meaning working-class Egyptians. The former chapters have some interest, and the latter chapter is a compound of the smugness, racism, and misunderstanding you would expect from your standard bigoted Victorian gentleman. Then comes a few fascinating pages of his 19th century Rough Guide to backpacking in Egypt!

He also makes some references to his dodgy "dynastic race" theories; it was a common opinion of the day that Africans could not have developed a culture as advanced as the Egyptians'. Therefore, it must have originated with a (cough white cough ) tall, aquiline-nosed so-called "dynastic race" who invaded and civilised all the poor benighted natives. This theory has long been out of favour in Egyptological circles. Repugnant as his views are (and Petrie's belief in eugenics, not discussed in this book) they were, of course, fairly common in Victorian England.

Most enjoyable are the rare glimpses into Victorian life and archaeology: Petrie waxing nostalgic about bedding down in a nice cool tomb; Petrie spitting out festering mouthfuls of water in a half-submerged shaft, trying to drag the lid off a sarcophagus; and my wondering exactly what he meant when he tells us he "stripped" to perform a survey in a filthy tomb full of Late Period mummies.

A mixed bag of a book, then; only for people with a particular interest in Victorian Egyptology.½

Lending

Lending

Included bookmark: "All Hmm Ltd." "4000 Antiquarian Books on Ancient History. Write for bi-monthly catalogue." Includes fold out plan of stonehenge in back of book; attached.